Hydroelectric Power Plant Measurement Device Configuration Selection And Plant Power Management System

Engineer: Tina Li Tel: +86 15161626103 E-mail: sales.eu@email.acrel.cn

Jiangsu Acrel Electrical MFG Co. Ltd

NB/T 10861-2021 "design specification for the configuration of measuring devices in hydroelectric power plants" provides detailed requirements and guidance for the configuration of measuring devices in hydroelectric power plants.Measuring device is an important part of the operation monitoring of the hydroelectric power plant.The measurement of the hydroelectric power plant is mainly divided into electrical quantity measurement and non-electric quantity measurement.Electrical measurement refers to the measurement of electrical real-time parameters by means of electricity, including current, voltage, frequency, power factor, active/reactive power, active/reactive energy, etc.; non-electricity measurement refers to the use of transmitters to convert non-electricity Measure 4-20mA or 0-5V electrical signals, including temperature, speed, pressure, liquid level, opening, etc.This essay only discusses the measuring device and power consumption management system of the hydroelectric power plant according to the standard, and does not involve the microcomputer protection configuration of the hydroelectric power plant.

1.General Provision

1.0.1 This specification is formulated to standardize the configuration design of measuring devices in hydroelectric power plants, ensure the long-term, safe and stable operation of hydroelectric power plants, and improve the overall comprehensive economic benefits of hydroelectric power plants.

1.0.2 This specification is applicable to the configuration design of measuring devices for newly built, rebuilt and expanded hydroelectric power plants.

1.0.3 The configuration design of measuring devices in hydroelectric power plants should actively adopt new technologies and products that have passed the appraisal.

1.0.4 The configuration and design of measuring devices in hydroelectric power plants should meet the requirements of the power system for the amount of information collected at the power station and the method of information collection.

1.0.5 The configuration design of measuring devices in hydroelectric power plants shall not only conform to this code, but also comply with the current relevant national standards.

2.Terminology

2.0.1 Electrical measuring

Measurement of electrical real-time parameters by means of electricity.

2.0.2 Energy metering

Measurement of electric energy parameters.

2.0.3 General electrical measuring meter

Hydroelectric power plants often use pointer meter, digital meter and so on.

2.0.4 Pointer-type meter

According to the relationship between the pointer and the scale to indicate the measured value of the meter.

2.0.5 Digital-type meter

In the display can use digital directly show the measured value of the meter.

2.0.6 Watt-hour meter

An instrument that measures active and/or reactive electrical energy data.

2.0.7 Intelligent AC sampling device

AC frequency power sampling, directly to the data processing unit for processing to get the voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, frequency, active power, reactive power and other parameters, and through the standard communication interface output multi-functional intelligent meter.

2.0.8 Transducer

Be measured by the conversion of DC current, DC voltage or digital signal device.

2.0.9 Measuring instrument accuracy class

Measuring instruments and/or accessories to meet certain measurement requirements designed to ensure that the permissible error and change extremely within the specified limits of the level.

2.0.10 Automation components

Components and/or devices for condition data monitoring, action execution in hydroelectric plants.

2.0.11 Non-electricity measuring

Measurement of temperature, pressure, speed, displacement, flow, level, vibration, pendulum and other non-electricity real-time parameters.

3.Electrical measurement and power measurement

Electrical measurement objects include hydro generator/generator motor, main transformer, line, bus, plant transformer, DC system and so on.Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the electrical wiring of the hydroelectric power plant, showing the electrical wiring of the hydroelectric generator set, main transformer, line, and plant power transformer.

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of electrical wiring of a hydroelectric power plant

3.1 Electrical measurement and electric energy metering of hydroelectric generator/generator motor.

3.1.2 The static variable frequency starting device of the generator motor should measure the following items.

3.1.3 The hydro-generator/generating motor shall measure the active and reactive electric energy. A hydro-generator that may be operated in phase modulation should measure bidirectional active power; a hydro-generator that may be phase-advanced should be measured in bidirectional reactive power; a generator motor should be measured in bidirectional active power and bidirectional reactive power.

3.1.4 For hydro-generators that may be operated in phase modulation, the active power in both directions shall be measured; for hydro-generators that may be operated in phase advance, the power in both directions shall be measured.Generator motors should measure active power and reactive power in both directions.

3.1.5 When measuring the active power angle of the power system, the power angle of the generator should be measured .

3.1.6 The high voltage side of the excitation transformer should measure the three-phase current, active power and reactive power.

The monitoring configuration of hydro-generator and excitation transformer is shown in Fig. 2, and the equipment selection is shown in Fig. 1.

Table 1 Monitoring selection of hydro-generator and excitation transformer

3.2 Electrical measurement and electric energy metering of boosting and sending system

3.2.1 Main transformer measurement and power metering items shall meet the following requirements :

1 Double-winding transformers should measure the three-phase current, active power, and reactive power on the high-voltage side, and one side of the transformer should measure active energy and reactive energy.

2 Three-winding transformers or auto transformers should measure three-side three-phase current, active power, and reactive power, and should measure active energy and reactive energy on three sides. The auto transformer common winding should measure the three-phase current.

3 When the generating unit is wired as a unit but the generator has a circuit breaker, the low voltage side line voltage and three-phase voltage should be measured..

4 Active power and reactive power should be measured on both sides of the contact transformer, and active energy and reactive energy should be measured.

5 When it is possible to transmit and receive power, the active power in both directions should be measured and the active energy in both directions should be measured; when it is possible to run in phase lag and phase advance, the reactive power in both directions should be measured and the reactive energy in both directions should be measured.

Fig. 3 Electrical measurement configuration of main transformer in hydroelectric power plant

Table 2 Selection of main transformer monitoring

3.2.2 Line measurement items shall meet the following requirements:

1 6.3kV ~ 66kV lines should measure single-phase current, and when conditions permit, two-phase current or three-phase current can be measured.

2 35kV and 66kV lines should measure active power, and 6.3kV ~ 66kV lines can also measure active power and reactive power when conditions permit .

3 110kV and above lines should measure three-phase current, active power and reactive power.

4 6.3kV and above lines should measure active energy and reactive energy.

5 When the line is likely to transmit and receive power, the active power in both directions should be measured and the active energy in both directions should be measured.

6 When the line may run with a phase lag or a phase advance, the reactive power in both directions should be measured and the reactive energy in both directions should be measured.

7 When required by the power system, the power angle of the line should be measured for the line of the step-up station.

Table 3 Line measurement selection

3.2.3 Bus bar measurement items shall meet the following requirements:

1 6.3kV and above generator voltage busbars and 35kV , 66kV busbars should measure the busbar voltage and frequency, and measure the three-phase voltage at the same time.

2 110kV and above buses should measure three line voltages and frequencies.

3 6.3kV and above bus tie circuit breakers, bus section circuit breakers, inner bridge circuit breakers, and outer bridge circuit breakers should measure AC current, and 110kV and above should measure three-phase current.

4 Three-phase current should be measured for each circuit breaker circuit of 3/2 wiring, 4/3 wiring and corner wiring.

5 Bypass circuit breakers, bus tie or section and bypass circuit breakers, and 35kV and above outer bridge circuit breakers should measure active power and reactive power, and measure active energy and reactive energy.When it is possible to transmit and receive power, the active power in both directions should be measured and the active energy in both directions should be measured; in the case of phase lag and phase advance operation, the reactive power in both directions should be measured and the reactive energy in both directions should be measured.

Fig. 3 Electrical measurement configuration of main transformer in hydroelectric power plant

Table 2 Selection of main transformer monitoring

3.2.2 Line measurement items shall meet the following requirements:

1 6.3kV ~ 66kV lines should measure single-phase current, and when conditions permit, two-phase current or three-phase current can be measured.

2 35kV and 66kV lines should measure active power, and 6.3kV ~ 66kV lines can also measure active power and reactive power when conditions permit .

3 110kV and above lines should measure three-phase current, active power and reactive power.

4 6.3kV and above lines should measure active energy and reactive energy.

5 When the line is likely to transmit and receive power, the active power in both directions should be measured and the active energy in both directions should be measured.

6 When the line may run with a phase lag or a phase advance, the reactive power in both directions should be measured and the reactive energy in both directions should be measured.

7 When required by the power system, the power angle of the line should be measured for the line of the step-up station.

Table 3 Line measurement selection

3.2.3 Bus bar measurement items shall meet the following requirements:

1 6.3kV and above generator voltage busbars and 35kV , 66kV busbars should measure the busbar voltage and frequency, and measure the three-phase voltage at the same time.

2 110kV and above buses should measure three line voltages and frequencies.

3 6.3kV and above bus tie circuit breakers, bus section circuit breakers, inner bridge circuit breakers, and outer bridge circuit breakers should measure AC current, and 110kV and above should measure three-phase current.

4 Three-phase current should be measured for each circuit breaker circuit of 3/2 wiring, 4/3 wiring and corner wiring.

5 Bypass circuit breakers, bus tie or section and bypass circuit breakers, and 35kV and above outer bridge circuit breakers should measure active power and reactive power, and measure active energy and reactive energy.When it is possible to transmit and receive power, the active power in both directions should be measured and the active energy in both directions should be measured; in the case of phase lag and phase advance operation, the reactive power in both directions should be measured and the reactive energy in both directions should be measured.

Fig. 5 Electrical measurement configuration of busbar in hydroelectric power plant

Table 4 Bus measurement selection

3.2.4 Three-phase current and reactive power should be measured for 110kV and above shunt reactor groups, and reactive energy should be measured. 6.3kV ~ 66kV shunt reactor circuit should measure AC current.

Table 5 Reactor measurement selection

3.3 Electrical measurement and energy metering of plant power system

3.3.1 AC current, active power and active energy should be measured on the high-voltage side of the factory power transformer. When the high-voltage side does not have the measurement conditions, it can be measured on the low-pressure side.

3.3.2 AC voltage should be measured for the working busbar of factory electricity. When the neutral point is not effectively grounded, a

Line-to-line and three-phase voltages; when the neutral is effectively grounded, three line-to-line voltages shall be measured.

3.3.3 Three-phase current should be measured for power supply lines in the factory area, and active energy can be measured according to the needs of electric energy measurement.

3.3.4 The three-phase current should be measured for 50kVA and above utility power transformers with lighting loads.

3.3.5 The single-phase current should be measured at least for the motor circuit of 55kW and above .

3.3.6 When the low-voltage side of the factory power transformer is a 0.4kV three-phase four-wire system, the three-phase current should be measured.

3.3.7 The section circuit breaker for factory power shall measure single-phase current.

3.3.8 Diesel generators should measure three-phase current, three-phase voltage, active power and measure active energy.

Fig. 6 Electrical measurement configuration of utility power system of hydroelectric power plant

Table 6 Selection of Electrical Measurement Configuration for Plant Power System

3.4 Electrical measurement of DC power system

3.4.1 The DC power supply system shall measure the following items:

1 DC system bus voltage without step-down device.

2 DC system closing bus v